Sociedad Española de Calidad Asistencial (SECA)

Masip GM, Prada MF, López EB. Técnicas de administración de las vacunas [Internet]. Fisterra. 2022 [citado el 11 de noviembre de 2024]. Disponible en: htips://www-fisterra-com.na-cdib.a 17.csinet.es/guias-clinicas/tecnicasadministracionˇvacunas/#sec4

Comité Asesor de Vacunas e Inmunizaciones. Capítulo 5 - El acto de la inmunización: antes, durante y después [Internet]. Manual de inmunizaciones en línea de la AEP. 2023 [citado el 10 de noviembre de 2024]. Disponible en: htips://vacunasaep.org/documentos/manual /cap-5#4.

Wong H, Moss C, Moss SM, Shah V, Halperin SA, Ito S, Mithal P, Qu A, Taddio A. Effect of alcohol skin cleansing on vaccination-associated infections and local skin reactions: a randomized controlled trial. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1553474. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Australian Government/Department of Health Care and Aged Care – Australian Inmmunisation Handbook. htips://www.health.gov.au/resources/publications/theˇaustralian-immunisation-handbook?language=en. Guía oficial publicada por el Departamento de Salud del Reino Unido “Green Book” “Immunisation against infectious disease” (acceso a la guía: htips://www.gov.uk/government/collections/immunisation-against-infectious-diseaseˇthegreen-book). En el capítulo 4: “Immunisation procedures”, apartado “Cleaning de skin”: htips://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7afc62e5274a34770e88e5/GreenˇBookChapter-4.pdf. If the skin is clean, no further cleaning is necessary. Only visibly dirty skin needs to be washed with soap and water. It is not necessary to disinfect the skin. Studies have shown that cleaning the skin with isopropyl alcohol reduces the bacterial count, but there is evidence that disinfecting makes no difference to the incidence of bacterial complications of injections (Del Mar et al., 2001; Sution et al., 1999).

Fisterra. “Técnicas de administración de vacunas” htips://www.fisterra.com/guiasclinicas/tecnicas-administracion-vacunas/ Limpiar la piel con suero fisiológico y dejar secar. No usar alcohol, ya que puede inactivar las vacunas de virus vivos atenuados. En general, no se recomienda el uso de clorhexidina alcohólica o acuosa. Tampoco povidona yodada para la preparación de la piel. Nueva solicitud de inclusión de RNH 2 de 4 07/04/2025, 10:55

Vaccine Administration Best Practices. Lafleur B, Fung J, Verschoor CP, Dubois S, MacDonald NE, Taddio A. Omission of alcohol skin cleansing and risk of adverse events in long-term care residents undergoing COVID-19 vaccination: A cohort study. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2368681. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2368681. Epub 2024 Jul 2. PMID: 38953297; PMCID: PMC11221462.

Dulong C, Breti K, Argáez C. Skin Preparation for Injections: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness, Cost-Effectiveness and Guidelines [Internet]. Otiawa (ON): Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health; 2020 Mar. PMID: 33074639

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. 2021 . Hall E., Wodi A.P., Hamborsky J., et al., eds. Guía de práctica clínica. Pinkbook 14th ed. Washington, D.C. Public Health Foundation. Disponible en: https://www.merle-arbeitsmedizin.de/wpcontent/uploads/2022/02/CDC-PinkBook-Version-14th-Edition.pdf

Standard immunizations for nonpregnant adults. UpToDate. 2024. Hibberd PL. Guía de práctica clínica. Disponible en: https://www-uptodatecom.na-cdib.a17.csinet.es/contents/standard-immunizations-fornonpregnantadults?search=vaccunation%20recomendations&source=search_result&selected

Ponencia de Programa y Registro de Vacunaciones. Calendario acelerado de vacunaciones. 2023. Comisión de Salud Pública del Consejo Interterritorial del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Ministerio de Sanidad. Guía de práctica clínica.

Manual de inmunizaciones y vacunaciones de Euskadi, 5ª edición. 2024. Guía de práctica clínica. Disponible en: (https://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/informacion/manual_vacunaciones/es_def/adjunt
os/MANUAL-VACUNACIONES-2024.pdf).

Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología - Recomendaciones de vacunación para adultos y mayores. 2023-2024. Guía de práctica clínica.Disponible en: (https://www.segg.es/pdfViewer/web/viewer.asp?archivo=vacunacion).

Comité Asesor de Vacunas e Inmunizaciones - Intervalos y compatibilidad entre Inmunizaciones. Guía de práctica clínica . Disponible en: https://vacunasaep.org/printpdf/profesionales/intervalos-ycompatibilidadentre-vacunas

Recomendaciones generales sobre vacunación. Recomendaciones del Comité Asesor sobre Prácticas de Inmunización (ACIP). Guía de práctica clínica. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5515a1.htm

Consideraciones generales y calendario básico de vacunaciones en el adulto. Guía de práctica clínica. Fisterra. Disponible en: https://www.fisterra.com/guias-clinicas/consideraciones-generales-calendariobasicovacunaciones-adulto/#sec3

General Best Practice Guidance for Immunization. 2021. Chapter 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases. Atkinson W, Wolfe S, Hamborsky J (eds.). 14th ed. Washington DC: Public Health Foundation, 2021.

Seguridad de las vacunas. Contraindicaciones y precauciones. 2023. Comité Asesor de Vacunas e Inmunizaciones (CAV-AEP). Manual de vacunas en línea de la AEP [Internet]. Madrid: AEP; dic/2023.

Vaccination procedures. 2022. Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI). Australian Immunisation Handbook, Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care, Canberra, 2022.

Public Health Agency of Canada. Chapter 2: CContraindications and precautions associated with specific conditions.2021 .Canadian Immunization Guide [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Government of Canada; Date of publication/last update (2021/11) Available from: https://www.canada.ca/en/publichealth/services/publications/healthy-living/canadian-immunization-guide-part-2-vaccine-safety/page-3-contraindications-precautions-concerns.html

Vaccination & Immunoprophylaxis— General Principles, Andrew Kroger, Mark Freedman. CDC Yellow Book 2024. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/preparing/vaccination-andimmunoprophylaxis-general-principles#acute

WHO Best Practices for Injections and Related Procedures Toolkit. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010 Mar. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK138495/

Masip GM, Prada MF, López EB. Técnicas de administración de las vacunas [Internet]. Fisterra. 2022. Disponible en: https://www-fisterra-com.na-cdib.a17.csinet.es/guias-clinicas/tecnicasadministracion-vacunas/#sec4

Comité Asesor de Vacunas e Inmunizaciones. Capítulo 5 - El acto de la inmunización: antes, durante y después [Internet]. Manual de inmunizaciones en línea de la AEP. 2023 [citado el 10 de noviembre de 2024]. Disponible en: https://vacunasaep.org/documentos/manual/cap-5#4.5

Australian Government/Department of Health Care and Aged Care – Australian Inmmunisation Handbook (Preparing the person receiving the vaccine | Administration of vaccines | The Australian Immunisation Handbook). Disponible en : https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/contents/vaccination-procedures/administration-of-vaccines

Guidelines for Vaccinations in General Practice. Febrero 2018. http://www.hse.ie/eng/health/immunisation/infomaterials/pubs/guidelinesgp.pdf

Infection Control and Sterile Technique General Precautions. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/imz-best-practices/vaccine-administration.html? CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/administration.html

Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería (NIC) 8 edition. Cheryl M. Wagner & Howard K. Butcher.

Royal College of Nursing. Why you don’t always need gloves when giving vaccines. Bulletin 8 jul 2021.
https://www.rcn.org.uk/magazines/Clinical/2021/July/Why-you-dont-always-need-gloves-when-giving-vaccines-COVID-19

CDC. Vaccine administration. Vaccines & Immunizations. 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/imz-best-practices/vaccine-administration.html

CDC. The Pink Book. Chapter 6. Vaccine administration. April 8, 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/pinkbook/hcp/table-of-contents/chapter-6-vaccineadministration.html

Comité Asesor de Vacunas e Inmunizaciones – manual de inmunizaciones en línea de la AEP. Actualización 2023 Capítulo 5. El acto de la inmunización: antes, durante y después). https://vacunasaep.org/documentos/manual/cap-5

Australian Government/Department of Health Care and Aged Care – Australian Inmmunisation Handbook (Preparing the person receiving the vaccine Administration of vaccines | The Australian Immunisation Handbook), 2024. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4045752/pdf/pone.0098175.pdf

“El uso de paracetamol profiláctico se puede asociar a una peor respuesta inmunitaria frente a algunos tipos de vacuna, y se desconoce si esa interferencia inmune puede afectar a la protección clínica, 2021.” Disponible en: https://www.murciasalud.es/preevid/24117

WHO position paper September 2015 - Reducing pain at the time of vaccination: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/242426/WER9039_505-10.PDF?sequence=1.

Effect of prophylactic paracetamol administration at time of vaccination on febrile reactions and antibody responses in children: two open-label, randomised controlled trials https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19837254/ Acetaminophen may decrease antibody response in infants being immunized https://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(10)00198-8/fulltext

Effects of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Paracetamol Treatment during Vaccination on Hepatitis B Antibody Levels in Adults: Two Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trials. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098175

Parental approach to the prevention and management of fever and pain following childhood inmmunizations: a survey study, 2017. – PMC http://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5600183/

. Lo E, Nicolle L, Classen D et al. Strategies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection in acute care hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008;29:Suppl 1:S41-50

Meddings J, Krein SL, Fakih MG, Olmsted RN, Saint S. Chapter 9. Reducing unnecessary Urinary Catheter Use and other Strategies to prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: Brief Update Review en Shekelle PG et al. Making Health Care Safer II. An Updated Critical Analysis of the Evidence for Patient Safety Practices. Comparative Effectiveness Review nº 211 (Prepared by the Southern California-RAND Evidence-Based Practice Center under contract nº 290-2007-10062-I). AHRQ Publication Nº 13-E001-EF. Rockville MD. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. March 2013. www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/evidence-based-reports/ptsafetyuptp.html.

Advances in the Prevention and Control of HAIs. AHRQ Publication Nº 14-0003. Prepared by IMPAQ International LLC, Columbia, MD, under contract Nº HHSA2900710071T. Rockville MD. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; June 2014

Medddings J, Rogers MA, Macy M et al. Systematic Review and meta-analysis: reminder systems to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections and urinary catheter use in hospitalized patients. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 51(5):550-560.

National Clinical Guideline Centre (NICE) (CG179). Pressure ulcer management. The prevention and Management of pressure ulcers in primary and secondary care. Clinical Guideline 179. April 2014

Moore ZEH, Cowman S. Wound cleansing for pressure ulcers. Cochrane Database of Systematic Review 2013; Issue 3:CD004983. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD004983.pub3

Bellingeri A, Attolini R, Fioretti C, Scalise A, Forma O, Traspedini P et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of a preparation for the cleansing of cutaneous injuries. Minerva Medica 2004;95(Suppl).1-9

Burke DT, Ho CHK, Saucier MA, Stewart G. Effects of hydrotherapy on pressure ulcer healing. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1998;77(5):394-398

Griffiths RD, Fernandez RS, Ussia CA. Is tap water a safe alternative to normal saline for wound irrigation in the community setting?. Journal of Wound Care 2001;10(10):407-411

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Facts about the Official “Do Not Use” List June 2011 [cited: www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/Official_Do_Not_Use_List_6_111.pdf

Abushaiqa ME, Zaran FK, Bach DS, et al. Educational interventions to reduce use of unsafe abbreviations. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2007;64(11):1170-3.17519459.

Leonhardt KK, Botticelli J. Effectiveness of a Community Collaborative for Eliminating the Use of High-risk Abbreviations Written by Physicians. Journal of Patient Safety. 2006;2:147-53.

Moore ER, Anderson GC, Bergman N. Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 2. Art Nº: CD003519.DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003519.pub2. Updated: April 03.2007

Puig G, Sguassero Y. Contacto temprano piel a piel entre las madres y sus recién nacidos sanos: Comentario de la BSR (última revisión: 9 de noviembre de 2007). La Biblioteca de Salud Reproductiva de la OMS; Ginebra: Organización Mundial de la Salud. http://apps.who.int/rhl/newborn/gpcom/es/

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Ramírez Puerta MR, Fernández-Fernández R, Frías-Pareja JC, Yuste-Ossorio ME, Narbona-Galdó S, Peñas-Maldonado L. Análisis de legibilidad de consentimientos informados en cuidados intensivos. Medicina Intensiva 2013;37:503-9

Rubiera Gerardo, Arbizu Ricardo, Alzueta Ángel, Agúndez Juan José, Riera José Ramón. La legibilidad de los documentos de consentimiento informado en los hospitales de Asturias. Gac Sanit 2004; 18(2): 153-158